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Emerson Climate TechnologiesEmerson Climate TechnologiesTemperature-Pressure Controls

Emerson Climate Technologies

Temperature Pressure Controls

Temperature pressure controls serve a number of

purposes in refrigeration systems, including the control

of compressor cycling, pump-down, defrost control,

pressure limiting, loss of charge freeze protection and

fan speed control.

TS1 Introduction

The TS1 Series is Emerson’s adjustable thermostats

for application in refrigeration and heat pump systems.

In these systems, thermostats provide space tempera-

ture control, high/low temperature alarming or defrost

termination. By operating an electrical contact, a tem-

perature value is kept inside a certain limit.

Housing Variants

TS1 controls are top operated. Top operated

controls have adjustment spindles at the top and a

display scale, showing temperature setpoint and dif-

ferential, at the front. A knob which may be permanently

plugged onto one of the adjustment spindles comes with

every control. Frost monitors and room thermostats are

derivatives of top operated thermostats. They differ by

their sensors and other features to suit their target

applications.

TS1 Top Operated

Vapor Charge – Sensor Type A, E, P

These sensing elements always sense from the cold-

est point on the capillary, coil, bulb or power element

head. For proper operation, the coldest point must be at

the part of the sensor which is exposed to the medium

temperature to be sensed. The sensing location should

be at least 4 degrees F colder than the other parts of the

thermal system.

To avoid unwanted effects of heat transfer, for exam-

ple from a cold wall, vapor charged thermostats come

with an integrated bellows heater (not for frost monitors),

which is rated for 230V applications. For other applica-

tions, the heater must be disabled or a bellows heater

with a different rating should be used.

Besides the bellows heater, room thermostats are

supplied with an insulation console for the same reason.

Sensor type ‘A’ is a coiled bulb sensor with two meter

capillary, which may be used with or without a bulb well.

Style ‘E’ is a coil sensor for space temperature sensing,

and type ‘P’ is a capillary type of sensor which can be

wrapped around a heat exchanger’s surface to sense

the coldest point on the heat exchanger for frost protec-

tion applications.

Vapor charges respond faster to temperature chang-

es than adsorption and liquid charges.

Vapour Charge

Adsorption Charge

Liquid Charge

-148°F

-58

32 122 212

302

392°F

tion are capillary type of sensors, which do not have a

bulb, instead, their capillary serves as the bulb directly.

Charges and sensor types are matched to tempera-

ture ranges and other application specic characteris-

tics. TS1 thermostats come with one of three charge

types: vapor charges, adsorption charges or liquid

charges. The application temperature range covered by

each charge type is shown below:

Temperature Sensing

TS1 thermostats sense temperature by a thermal

system, consisting of temperature charge, bulb, capillary

and bellows. The temperature charge changes its pres-

sure based on the refrigerant temperature to be sensed.

The sensor is the part of the system which is in thermal

contact with the refrigerant. The capillary connects the

sensor with the bellows and the bellows contracts or

expands depending on the temperature, causing the

thermostat to operate the electrical contacts. An excep-

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